In my downtime at work, I’ve been reading some amusing material about bad academic writing, my arch-nemesis while at university and, it appears, something of a sub-genre of humour on teh web. The primus inter pares of this genre is undoubtedly Postmodern Pooh by literary critic Frederick Crews, a riotous satire of the state of contemporary academic literary criticism. In eleven sham essays, Crews applies every major academic fashion of the past few decades — from postcolonial studies and chaos theory to queer theory, trauma studies and New Historicism — to A.A. Milne’s Winnie the Pooh, with predictably hilarious results. Take the following from a self-described ‘negotiationist’ (?) Pooh scholar:
We have shown that works such as Pooh don’t drift towards a banal meaninglessness; they become active historical players in their own right, shaping the public’s illusions about the important issues of the day, such as conquistadorial predation, witch trials, ius primae noctis, and the castration of preadolescent countertenors. The immediate issue here is whether the Pooh animals realise they constitute a de facto nudist colony.
Or:
If the ravages of imperialism are ever to end — if the colonising Heffalump one day lies down with the formerly colonised lamb — history may record that the first tremor of productive change was felt here, today, as we dear friends and scholars recontextualised a mere space of interrogation as a veritable site of intervention and, dare I say it, of contestation as well.
Then there’s Denis Dutton’s annual Bad Writing Contest, which in 1998 unearthed the following bilge from The Location of Culture by Homi Bhabha, a professor of English at the University of Chicago:
If, for a while, the ruse of desire is calculable for the uses of discipline soon the repetition of guilt, justification, pseudo-scientific theories, superstition, spurious authorities, and classifications can be seen as the desperate effort to “normalize” formally the disturbance of a discourse of splitting that violates the rational, enlightened claims of its enunciatory modality.
Ah yes, I remember encountering Bhabha in some of my compulsory historical theory courses, droning on about ‘fixity’ and clouding the transparent empiricism of real historical analysis with his quasi-literary squid’s ink. It’s not hard to imagine whole tomes of Bhabha being spat straight from Andrew C. Bulhak’s Postmodernism Generator, which is to clear thinking what Snoop Dogg’s now-defunct Shizzolator was to, well, everythang on th’ net, know what I’m sayin’?:
The primary theme of Hubbard’s analysis of textual capitalism is a self-referential paradox. It could be said that cultural discourse implies that art is used to reinforce outdated, colonialist perceptions of sexual identity.
More amusing than the above — which is plausible enough to past muster in first-year Art History — is the weak justification for this mental debility offered by Frank Lentricchia and Thomas McLaughlin in their Critical Terms for Literary Study. I remember similar arguments being dredged up by tutors to justify the inclusion of incomprehensible texts in subject reading packs:
Theory sets out to produce texts that could not be processed successfully by the commonsensical assumptions that ordinary language puts into play. There are texts of theory that resist meaning so powerfully — say those of Lacan or Kristeva — that the very process of failing to comprehend the text is part of what it has to offer.
It’s no wonder PhD enrolments in English literature are going into a nosedive. As blogger Danny Yee observes, many of these extracts are ‘constructions of dubious stability… built on highly questionable theoretical foundations’. But if the ideas of these authors have any objective value — which I’m sure some do — why coddle them in shrouds of jargon, irony and impenetrable syntax?

5 comments
gelatinoushands says:
May 24, 2008
Unfortunately I’ve had to deal with the horrendous, convoluted prose of Judith Butler in my goddamned social theory class. Apparently, she took out first prize for the world’s worst writing with this:
“The move from a structuralist account in which capital is understood to structure social relations in relatively homologous ways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject to repetition, convergence, and rearticulation brought the question of temporality into the thinking of structure, and marked a shift from a form of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingent possibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conception of hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategies of the rearticulation of power.”
Yosh says:
May 24, 2008
I’m doing a subject which includes a lot of Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari reading. They are just insanely impenetrable and aggravating. This post pretty much expresses every problem that I have with them. I simply cannot accept the ‘it’s-meant-to-be-impenetrable’ argument — I think Wittgenstein said something about anything worth expressing being capable of a clear expression.
Sebastian Strangio says:
May 24, 2008
Ah yes, Butler’s paragraph is a true classic. I can’t believe that gave it to you to read with a straight face. You should check out Martha Nussbaum’s article ‘The Professor of Parody’ on Butler.
I’m not familiar with Deleuze and Guttari, which is probably a good thing judging from your decription: they sound like a world of pain. Surely, critical theorists could be doing more than formulating ever more arcane ways to out ‘the establishment’…?
Ramon says:
Jun 18, 2008
Hi again, Seb,
I disagree immensely with the link at the end of your post (the one linking to an article called “Measure for Measure”).
All of the ways in which the article’s author proposes that literature should be “scientific” sound hideously mechanical. (And they are not “scientific” in the same way as a hard science. Instead, the idea of tabulating the amount of times that female characters are described as beautiful, or gauging people’s reactions to Jane Austen, sound exactly like Socio-fucking-ology!
However, instead of doing research into practical issues, like consumerism, social disparities, and criminal behavior, the proposed “literary scientist” would be insulting both literature and science.)
If I had any say in the future direction of literature, I would make its focus more on practical stylistics:
* Why is Metaphor X better than Simile Y? Is it better at all?
* In a given short story, which sentence was the most difficult to craft? Which is the most imaginative use of syntax?
* What is imagery? What ways exist in which an author can arrange images? How does literary imagery compare to cinematic imagery?
* Why did Author X revise his story in this particular way? What effect was he hoping to achieve? (I’m not proposing that everything should be about the author’s intention, but it’s a good way for future authors to learn their craft.)
* What is the difference between the dialogue in a typical 18th century novel, and a typical 19th century novel?
I’m not offering any definite answers to these questions, and I don’t think literature would progress if everyone had the same tastes. Harold Bloom’s one insightful argument is that literature evolves when authors MISREAD their idols. So, even if it were the case that the authors I liked were the only good authors, and everyone else was just blind to talent… …a person who idolised NO good authors and MANY bad authors could still become a good author through personal interpretation. (If you take ANY given writer with very strong views about matters of quality, like Borges, Eliot, Pound, you will find that Mr. B’s favorite authors are as-often-as-not disciples of Mr. B’s least favourite authors. ALL authors of any weight have a common corpus of rhetorical devices, which they utilise with various degrees of originality and skill. So, taking a cue from Plato’s Cave, I could argue that even if a person has only read bad pulp fiction, it is still possible for them to attain the same level of mastery as good authors they have never read, simply by trying hard, or possibly just by pure chance, like Huxley’s statement about the monkeys and the typewriters.
So, even if we lived in an extreme world where good and bad literature DEFINITELY existed, debate and opposing views would still produce good literature, as counter-intuitive as this may seem coming from someone with tastes as strict as mine.
Currently, the literary establishment is heavily balanced towards big ideas, human nature, and social status, and light on style, invention, and craft. This is a problem, because people simply haven’t realised that matters of style can be debated with just as much passion as Shakespeare’s attitude to women. In fact, during the Renaissance, when Latin was still the written language of Italy’s scholars, a massive debate emerged as to whether scholars should base their style on Cicero, or search for new ways of writing. Fortunately, the Ciceronian formalists lost that debate, and a new literary language flourished. But it should be remembered that the same debate still exists today, over matters such as journalistic “house style” and whether it solves or creates problems. (I personally don’t think a house style should exist, only a “house focus”, or rather a loose boundary of what is considered the magazine’s area of interest. Why write articles about gardening in GQ, for instance?)
There is also the stylistic debate over whether Judith Butler’s writing is dense because the is writing in a ground-breaking new “queer/female language”, at odds with “white male language”. I think the above idea is bullshit, but it won’t be exposed as bullshit unless faculties teach their students more about linguistics, rhetorical devices, imagery, etymology, and the basics of what words are and what can be done with them.
I was very shocked when I discovered last year that many US universities offer majors in Rhetoric, Comparative Literature, and other things which simply aren’t taught in Australia.
So, stylistics isn’t simply some elitist field that is only relevant to me and other self-indulgent pricks. It is quite possibly the cure to all of literature’s ills.
Ramon
Arrest says:
Jun 21, 2008
Somehow i missed the point. Probably lost in translation
Anyway … nice blog to visit.
cheers, Arrest!!!